Which ethical framework emphasizes the outcomes and consequences of actions as the main basis for moral judgment?

• A. Utilitarianism
• B. Deontology
• C. Consequentialism
• D. Virtue Ethics

Answer: (C)

Focusing on outcomes and consequences means judging the morality of an action by what it produces rather than by following set rules or by the character of the person doing it. In this view, the right action is the one that leads to the best overall results, such as the greatest good or the most favorable balance of positive over negative effects. This shifts attention away from duties or intrinsic qualities and puts the emphasis on the net impact of the action. For example, lying might be seen as acceptable if it leads to better overall consequences, because the results matter most. A well-known version of this approach is utilitarianism, but the general framework that centers on consequences is called consequentialism.